Pre-Collegiate

By Isaac Bai, Solon High School. In the high-stakes chess match of international politics, the US and other powerful nations are capable...

By Harshita Rai, Wayzata High School. On July 25, 1978, the birth of the first “test tube baby” changed infertility treatments forever...

By Carolyn He, The Academy for Mathematics, Science, and Engineering. For over 300 million women on any given day...

By Grace Murphy. Down syndrome is the most common chromosomal disorder. Each year, 1 out of every 700 babies are born with Down syndrome...

As I enter a classroom filled with radiant hues of color, my eyes shift to the children wearing uniforms and sitting at a wooden desk...

Drug consumption has only been increasing worldwide for various reasons: advancement of healthcare, aging of the world population, and...

This paper aims to compare the animal testing policies of the United States to countries in Europe, Asia, Oceania, and Latin America...

Environmental pollutants and their adverse effects on impoverished people’s health are interrelated...

Tanusri Gudavalli, Mission San Jose High School, Fremont, California, USA ABSTRACT Acute ischemic stroke (AIS) is a common neurological disease associated with cognitive, physical, and emotional damages to the nervous system. Treatments for AIS can include alteplase IV r-tpa or thrombectomy. However, due to COVID-19, hospitals are facing challenges to treat their patients. This study aims to determine and analyze the barriers hospitals were facing in response to the COVID-1

Janvi Srivastava, BASIS Scottsdale, Scottsdale, Arizona, USA 14,000 children under the age of 5 die everyday (UNICEF, 2021). This is the equivalent of five 9/11’s, two Revolutionary Wars, or seven Pearl Harbor bombings. And yet, we must ask ourselves: when was the last time we heard about these everyday tragedies in the news? Why do we continue to ignore the deaths of our planet’s most vulnerable populations? Most child and infant deaths are caused by diseases that are entir

By Joshua Payne, Glenforest Secondary School, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada Figure 1. Nigerian hospitals look very different from Canadian hospitals (Guardian Nigeria, 2017). In Canada, when a teenager needs to get an immunization or a bandage, one can usually just go to a school nurse or a family clinic. They are very easy to reach and use, especially if you live in an urban area. You can almost always trust your doctor or nurse to give you the appropriate treatment and quali

By Noelle Kuhn, Radnor High School, Radnor, Pennsylvania, USA More than any other medical advancement, vaccines have arguably been the most essential to maintaining the world’s collective health since they are effective in decreasing the spread of viral illnesses on a large scale. As vaccines are created, wealthy countries such as the United States have had little trouble obtaining vaccine doses and immunizing their citizens. Many low-income countries, however, have not been

By Krisha Thakker, Westview High School, San Diego, CA https://doi.org/10.51627/PGHR.2020.09.00021 James Harrison may not be a household name, but his actions have saved over 2 million lives. (“Man With The Golden Arm” Donates Blood That Has Saved 2 Million Babies, 2015). How exactly did Harrison save over 2 million lives? He donated blood 1,173 times throughout his life (James Harrison, 2020). Learning about Harrison’s contribution inspired me to hold a blood drive when I wa

By Tenzin Kunsang, Jones College Prep, Chicago, IL https://doi.org/10.51627/PGHR.2020.08.00016 Tibet, a linkage between two of the world’s most populous countries, sits high at an altitude of about 4,380 meters. For reference, New York City’s highest elevation is 125 meters (USGS, 1995), and Mt. Everest—the tallest mountain in the world—is 8,850 meters tall (Rutledge, 2011). Indigenous Tibetans have evolved with adaptations that allow for them to live more than 4,000 meters a

Carolyn Colman, Jones College Prep, Chicago, IL https://doi.org/10.51627/PGHR.2020.06.00009 Opioid addiction is increasingly becoming a crisis throughout the world. In 2016, staggering statistics show “the opioid epidemic accounted for close to 80% of the 64,000 drug-related deaths in the United States and is now the country’s leading cause of accidental deaths” (Goodman-Meza). This problem is not exclusive to the United States: “Because of their capacity to cause respiratory

By Katherine Holekamp, John Burroughs School, St. Louis, MO https://doi.org/10.51627/PGHR.2020.04.00005 Clutching my aunt's hand, I stared out the small, oval window at the turquoise expanse below. I tried to slow my breathing as the small propeller plane battled every gust of wind. During that last week of spring break 2014, we were finally arriving at our destination. As we flew over the Caribbean Sea on our way to the small island of La Gonave in Haiti, I reminded myself